Spring is the highest-stakes time of year for your bike. Components age on and off the bike — sealant dries out, brake fluid absorbs moisture, cables corrode at their housing ends, and chains that were not prepped for winter storage rust from the inside out. After months off regular roads or stuck on the trainer, the bike that served you well in October is not necessarily the bike you should ride in April.
This spring bike maintenance checklist covers every system worth checking before riding season, in priority order. For each, you will find the exact thresholds and pass/fail criteria — not generic advice to "have a look." The goal is to know, before your first long ride, what needs replacing and what still has life in it.
Work through this list in order. Drivetrain first: it is the most likely to need attention and the most expensive to repair reactively.
1. Drivetrain
Chain wear
This is where most spring maintenance failures originate. A chain run through wet winter conditions accelerates wear, and a worn chain that goes unchecked destroys the cassette within a few hundred kilometers.
Measure chain wear with a chain checker tool or a ruler. Park Tool's replacement thresholds are the industry standard:
| Drivetrain | Replace at |
|---|---|
| 12-speed Shimano | 0.5% wear |
| 12-speed SRAM (Eagle/AXS) | 0.8% wear |
| 11-speed | 0.5% wear |
| 10-speed | 0.75% wear |
| 9-speed and below | 0.75% wear |
Without a chain checker: lay the chain flat and measure 12 inches from the center of one pin. If the next pin lands past 12⅛ inches, replace the chain before riding.
Cassette condition: With the chain off, run your thumbnail along each cog. Hooked or shark-fin teeth that catch your nail mean the cog is worn past reliable shifting. Focus on the two or three most-used gears.
Chain lubrication
A dry or contaminated chain costs watts before it costs anything else. SILCA's drivetrain friction testing shows that a dirty, under-lubricated chain adds 5–10 watts of resistance compared to a clean, freshly lubed system. If your chain spent winter on a wet lubricant, degrease it fully and re-lube before the first outdoor ride. For riders considering a waxed chain: spring is the ideal conversion point. Immersion waxing extends re-lube intervals to 1,000–1,500 km versus 200 km for most drip lubes, and eliminates the embedded grit that accelerates wear.
Spring drivetrain checklist:
- [ ] Chain wear measured and within threshold for your drivetrain speed
- [ ] Cassette teeth inspected — no hooked or shark-fin profile
- [ ] Chain degreased and lubricated
2. Brakes
Rim brakes: Most brake pads have a wear indicator groove. If the groove has disappeared, replace the pads. Check for embedded grit in the braking surface — contaminated pads reduce stopping power and score the rim.
Hydraulic disc brakes: Squeeze each lever to the bar. A spongy feel indicates air in the system or degraded fluid. Brake fluid — whether DOT or mineral oil — absorbs moisture over time, lowering its boiling point and reducing modulation. Shimano, SRAM, and Magura all recommend annual bleeding or at the first sign of sponginess. If your hydraulic brakes have not been bled since last summer, schedule it before the first long descent.
Pad thickness for disc brakes: replace when the pad material (not the metal backing plate) measures less than 1mm. Most pads have a visual wear line; check it with the wheel removed.
Cable-actuated brakes: Inspect cable ends at the lever and anchor point for fraying. Winter moisture corrodes cables inside the housing — if cables feel sticky or hesitant, replace them. A new cable and housing costs under £10; a crash caused by delayed brake response costs more.
Spring brake checklist:
- [ ] Pad wear checked — disc pads ≥1mm material; rim pad wear groove visible
- [ ] Hydraulic levers firm with no sponginess
- [ ] Cables inspected — no fraying, no sticking
3. Tyres
Sidewall inspection: Inspect the full tyre circumference for cuts, embedded debris, and sidewall cracking. Surface crazing (fine cracks in the outer rubber) is normal aging. Structural cracks that expose the casing below — especially near the bead — mean the tyre needs replacing. A compromised sidewall increases blowout risk under load.
Tubeless sealant: Sealant dries out over 3–6 months regardless of whether the bike was ridden. Shake each wheel and listen for liquid movement. Silence means dry sealant. Remove the valve core and inject 30–60ml of fresh sealant, or unseat the tyre to inspect directly. Running tubeless without active sealant provides none of the puncture protection while adding the complexity of tubeless setup.
Pressure: Tyres lose pressure even when stationary — typically 1–2 PSI per week through the tube or tubeless bead. After winter storage, expect most tyres to be 10–20 PSI low. Inflate to your correct range before every ride.
Spring tyre checklist:
- [ ] Sidewalls checked — no structural cracks or exposed casing
- [ ] Cuts and embedded debris cleared
- [ ] Tubeless sealant refreshed if >3 months since last service
- [ ] Pressure set to correct range for weight and conditions
4. Cockpit
Bar tape: Torn, compressed, or hardened tape is a grip and safety issue — particularly in spring, when wet roads and cold hands make bar feel critical. If tape survived last season intact, it can wait. If it is unwrapped at the hoods, cracked, or stiff from sweat and UV exposure, replace it before your first serious ride.
Stem bolts and handlebar clamp: Check each bolt with a torque wrench. Most stems specify 4–6 Nm for the handlebar clamp and 5–6 Nm for the steerer clamp. Carbon bars and stems are especially sensitive to over-torque — tightening by feel is not sufficient. A stem bolt driven past spec can initiate a crack that propagates invisibly before failing.
Headset: Lift the front wheel and rotate the bars. Notchiness or resistance indicates bearing wear. Grab the fork and push forward and backward along the headtube axis — any play means the headset needs adjustment before riding. A loose headset creates imprecise handling and accelerates bearing and frame wear.
Spring cockpit checklist:
- [ ] Bar tape intact and secure at hoods
- [ ] Stem bolts torqued to manufacturer spec
- [ ] Headset smooth — no notchiness or play
5. Wheels
Spoke tension: Squeeze pairs of adjacent spokes on each wheel. They should feel uniformly taut. A spoke that feels noticeably slack or significantly tighter than its neighbors indicates an out-of-true wheel. Ride a wheel with uneven spoke tension and you accelerate fatigue in the tighter spokes.
Hub bearings: Hold each wheel at the rim and push and pull laterally. Any side-to-side play in the hub means bearing adjustment or replacement. Loose bearings degrade handling response and wear rapidly once play develops.
Axle security: Confirm quick-release skewers close with firm resistance, or that thru-axles are tightened to the frame and fork manufacturer's spec. Skewers that corroded or stretched over winter should be replaced, not relied upon.
Spring wheel checklist:
- [ ] Spoke tension consistent — no loose or broken spokes
- [ ] Hub bearings firm with no lateral play
- [ ] Axle security confirmed
6. Suspension and Fork (If Applicable)
Fox and RockShox both specify lower leg service every 50 hours and full damper service every 100 hours or 12 months. If your fork saw autumn mud and has been stored since, it is past due regardless of mileage.
Lower leg service is accessible to home mechanics: remove the lower legs, drain and refill the bath oil (5–10ml of 5wt or 7wt depending on manufacturer specification), replace foam rings, regrease dust seals, and reassemble. Full damper cartridge service requires a shop.
Pre-season suspension checks:
- Stanchion condition: Pitting or deep scratches accelerate seal wear and should be assessed before the season begins
- Air pressure: Pressure drops over storage; re-set sag per manufacturer weight recommendations
- Rebound and compression settings: Confirm they are set for your current weight and conditions
7. Electronics — Di2, AXS, and Head Units
Shimano Di2: Open E-Tube Project and check battery levels across all components — rear derailleur, front derailleur, and junction box. Top up any component below 50% before a long ride. Check for firmware updates; Shimano releases periodic shifting logic improvements via E-Tube.
SRAM AXS: Open the AXS app and check battery levels for derailleur and shifter pods. SRAM pods use CR2032 cells that are easy to overlook; a dead shifter pod on a climb is avoidable. Confirm firmware is current.
Campagnolo EPS: Charge the handlebar battery to full before the season. EPS batteries self-discharge over storage — a partially charged EPS system shifts sluggishly before losing function entirely.
Head units and sensors: Check firmware on Garmin or Wahoo devices. Winter storage kills coin cell batteries in speed, cadence, and power meter sensors — replace any that fail to pair before the first ride.
Spring electronics checklist:
- [ ] Shifting system battery levels confirmed and topped up
- [ ] Firmware updated — Di2 (E-Tube), AXS (AXS app), head unit
- [ ] All sensors paired and transmitting
Track It All Year — Not Just in Spring
This checklist tells you what to check. But without a record of when you last replaced your chain, refreshed your sealant, or serviced your fork, the same questions come back every spring.
Componentry tracks component mileage and service history automatically. Connect your Strava account once, and every ride updates your components — chain wear, cassette life, brake pad mileage, sealant age — so you know what actually needs attention before a ride, not during one.